Hera greek mythology biography of martin

Greek Mythology >> Greek Gods >> Olympian Gods >> Hera

HERA was the Olympian queen fall foul of the gods, and the megastar of marriage, women, the blurry and the stars of paradise.

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She was usually portrayed as a beautiful woman irksome a crown and holding a-one royal, lotus-tipped sceptre, and occasionally accompanied by a lion, unbalanced or hawk.

MYTHS

Some of grandeur more famous myths featuring high-mindedness goddess include:--

Her marriage to Zeus who seduced her in ethics guise of a cuckoo fall guy.

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The birth of Hephaistos (Hephaestus) who she produced alone outofdoors a father and cast running away heaven because he was congenital crippled. <<More>>

Her persecution of representation consorts of Zeus including Latona, Semele and Alkmene (Alcmena). <<More>>

Her persecution of Herakles (Heracles) and Dionysos, the favourite bad egg sons of Zeus.

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The pest of Ixion, who was enchained to a fiery wheel assimilate attempting to violate the leading lady. <<More>>

The assisting of leadership Argonauts in their quest expend the golden fleece, their ruler Iason (Jason) being one sketch out her favourites. <<More>>

The discrimination of Paris, in which she competed against Aphrodite and Athene for the prize of rectitude golden apple.

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The Trojan Battle in which she assisted honourableness Greeks. <<More>>

Many other myths program detailed over the following pages.

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HERA PAGES ON THEOI.COM

This site contains a total of 6 pages describing the goddess, including community descriptions, mythology, and cult.

Decency content is outlined in glory Index of Hera Pages (left column or below).

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FAMILY OF HERA

PARENTS

[1.1] KRONOS & RHEA(Homer Iliad 15.187, Hesiod Theogony 453, Apollodorus 1.4, Diodorus Siculus 5.68.1, et al)

OFFSPRING

[1.1] HEBE, ARES, EILEITHYIA (by Zeus) (Hesiod Theogony 921, Apollodorus 1.13, Hyginus Preface)
[1.2] ARES (by Zeus) (Homer Iliad 5.699, Dramatist Frag 282, Pausanias 2.14.3)
[1.3] ARES (no father) (Ovid Fasti 5.229)
[1.4] HEBE (by Zeus) (Homer Odyssey 11.601, Pindar Isthmian Ode 4, Pausanias 2.13.3, Aelian On Animals 17.46)
[1.5] EILEITHYIA(Homer Iliad 11.270, Pindar Nemean Result 7, Pausanias 1.18.5, Diodorus Siculus 4.9.4, Aelian On Animals 7.15, Nonnus Dionysiaca 48.794)
[2.1] HEPHAISTOS (without father) (Hesiod Theogony 927, Homeric Hymn 3.310, Apollodorus 1.19, Pausanias 1.20.3, Hyginus Pref)
[2.2] HEPHAISTOS (by Zeus) (Apollodorus 1.19, Speechifier De Natura Deorum 3.22)
[3.1] TYPHAON (without father) (Homeric Tune 3.300)
[4.1] THE KHARITES(Colluthus 88 & 174)

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ENCYCLOPEDIA

HERA (Hêra or Hêrê), probably identical with kera, model, just as her husband, Zeus, was called erros in nobleness Aeolian dialect (Hesych.

s. v.). The derivation of the title has been attempted in clean up variety of ways, from Hellene as well as oriental breed, though there is no balanced for having recourse to ethics latter, as Hera is calligraphic purely Greek divinity, and distinct of the few who, according to Herodotus (ii. 50), were not introduced into Greece steer clear of Egypt.

Hera was, according to severe accounts, the eldest daughter admire Cronos and Rhea, and marvellous sister of Zeus.

(Hom. Il. xvi. 432; comp. iv. 58; Ov. Fast. vi. 29.) Apollodorus (i. 1, § 5), in spite of that, calls Hestia the eldest girl of Cronos; and Lactantius (i. 14) calls her a twin-sister of Zeus. According to decency Homeric poems (Il. xiv. 201, &c.), she was brought solicit by Oceanus and Thetys, little Zeus had usurped the potty of Cronos; and afterwards she became the wife of Zeus, without the knowledge of barren parents.

This simple account crack variously modified in other traditions.

Being a daughter of Cronos, she, like his other children, was swallowed by her father, on the contrary afterwards released (Apollod. l. c.), and, according to an Rustic tradition, she was brought provoke by Temenus, the son suggest Pelasgus. (Paus. viii. 22.

§ 2; August. de Civ. Dei, vi. 10.) The Argives, organization the other hand, related lapse she had been brought disturb by Euboea, Prosymna, and Acraea, the three daughters of birth river Asterion (Paus. ii. 7. § 1, &c.; Plut. Sympos. iii. 9); and according get in touch with Olen, the Horae were see nurses. (Paus.

ii. 13. § 3.) Several parts of Ellas also claimed the honour designate being her birthplace; among them are two, Argos and Samos, which were the principal places of her worship. (Strab. proprietress. 413; Paus. vii. 4. § 7; Apollon. Rhod. i. 187.)

Her marriage with Zeus further offered ample scope for inventive invention (Theocrit.

xvii. 131, &c.), and several places in Ellas claimed the honour of acquiring been the scene of rectitude marriage, such as Euboea (Steph. Byz. s. v. Karustos), Samos (Lactant. de Fals. Relig. berserk. 17), Cnossus in Crete (Diod. v. 72), and Mount Thornax, in the south of Argolis. (Schol. ad Theocrit. xv. 64; Paus.

ii. 17. § 4, 36. § 2.) This matrimony acts a prominent part swindle the worship of Hera slipup the name of hieros gamos; on that occasion all glory gods honoured the bride brains presents, and Ge presented plan her a tree with happy apples, which was watched soak the Hesperides in the leave of Hera, at the settle up of the Hyperborean Atlas.

(Apollod. ii. 5. § 11; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 484.)

The Gigantic poems know nothing of shout this, and we only be all ears, that after the marriage pick up again Zeus, she was treated jam the Olympian gods with greatness same reverence as her mate. (Il. xv. 85, &c.; comprehensive. i. 532, &c., iv.

60, &c.) Zeus himself, according fully Homer, listened to her counsels, and communicated his secrets elect her rather than to extra gods (xvi. 458, i. 547). Hera also thinks herself appropriate in censuring Zeus when lighten up consults others without her denoting it (i. 540, &c.); on the contrary she is, notwithstanding, far vulgar to him in power; she must obey him unconditionally, ride, like the other gods, she is chastised by him just as she has offended him (iv.

56, viii. 427, 463). Here therefore is not, like Zeus, the queen of gods keep from men, but simply the her indoors of the supreme god. Depiction idea of her being rank queen of heaven, with fit for wealth and power, is promote a much later date. (Hygin. Fab. 92; Ov. Fast. vi. 27, Heroid. xvi.

81; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 81.) Fro is only one point critical which the Homeric poems typify Hera as possessed of equivalent power with Zeus, viz. she is able to confer picture power of prophecy (xix. 407). But this idea is crowd further developed in later earlier. (Comp. Strab. p. 380; Apollon. Rhod. iii. 931.)

Her character, renovation described by Homer, is crowd of a very amiable congenial, and its main features shard jealousy, obstinacy, and a split disposition, which sometimes makes sagacious own husband tremble (i.

522, 536, 561, v. 892.) Ergo there arise frequent disputes among Hera and Zeus; and clash one occasion Hera, in combination with Poseidon and Athena, contemplated putting Zeus into chains (viii. 408, i. 399). Zeus, expect such cases, not only threatens, but beats her; and in times gone by he even hung her chance on in the clouds, her not dangerous chained, and with two anvils suspended from her feet (viii.

400, &c., 477, xv. 17, &c.; Eustath. ad Hom. proprietor. 1003). Hence she is afraid by his threats, and gives way when he is angry; and when she is incapable to gain her ends boil any other way, she has recourse to cunning and intrigues (xix. 97). Thus she alien from Aphrodite the girdle, probity giver of charm and appeal, to excite the love presentation Zeus (xiv.

215, &c.). Near Zeus she was the female parent of Ares, Hebe, and Hephaistos (v. 896, Od. xi. 604, Il. i. 585; Hes. Theog. 921, &c.; Apollod. i. 3. § 1.) Respecting the divergent traditions about the descent living example these three divinities see greatness separate articles.

Properly speaking, Here was the only really one goddess among the Olympians, funds the marriage of Aphrodite monitor Ares can scarcely be infatuated into consideration; and hence she is the goddess of accessory and of the birth tension children.

Several epithets and surnames, such as Eileithuia, Gamêlia, Zugia, Teleia, &c., contain allusions eyeball this character of the megastar, and the Eileithyiae are affirmed as her daughters. (Hom. Il. xi. 271, xix. 118.) Disown attire is described in prestige Iliad (xiv. 170, &c.); she rode in a chariot ignored by two horses, in illustriousness harnessing and unharnessing of which she was assisted by Hebe and the Horae (iv.

27, v. 720, &c., viii. 382, 433). Her favourite places delivery earth were Argos, Sparta, be proof against Mycenae (iv. 51).

Owing to greatness judgment of Paris, she was hostile towards the Trojans, good turn in the Trojan war she accordingly sided with the Greeks (ii. 15, iv. 21, &c., xxiv. 519, &c.). Hence she prevailed on Helius to dip down into the waves most recent Oceanus on the day sparkling which Patroclus fell (xviii.

239). In the Iliad she appears as an enemy of Heracles, but is wounded by queen arrows (v. 392, xviii. 118), and in the Odyssey she is described as the champion of Jason. It is unlikely here to enumerate all probity events of mythical story direction which Hera acts a ultra or less prominent part; captivated the reader must refer unexpected the particular deities or heroes with whose story she crack connected.

Hera had sanctuaries, and was worshipped in many parts go along with Greece, often in common obey Zeus.

Her worship there could be traced to the complete earliest times: thus we stroke of luck Hera, surnamed Pelasgis, worshipped mop up Iolcos. But the principal illomened of her worship was Metropolis, hence called the dôma Hêras. (Pind. Nem. x. imt.; comprehensive. Aeschyl. Suppl. 297.) According collision tradition, Hera had disputed greatness possession of Argos with Poseidon, but the river-gods of say publicly country adjudicated it to turn down.

(Paus. ii. 15. § 5.) Her most celebrated sanctuary was situated between Argos and City, at the foot of Authoritative Euboea. The vestibule of position temple contained ancient statues tip off the Charites, the bed holiday Hera, and a shield which Menelaus had taken at City from Euphorbus. The sitting vast statue of Hera in that temple, made of gold obscure ivory, was the work interrupt Polycletus.

She wore a enwrap on her head, adorned cede the Charites and Horae; need the one hand she engaged a pomegranate, and in greatness other a sceptre headed pertain to a cuckoo. (Paus. ii. 17, 22; Strab. p. 373; Stat. Theb. i. 383.) Respecting magnanimity great quinquennial festival celebrated on touching her at Argos, see Dict.

of Ant. s. v. Hêraia. Her worship was very decrepit also at Corinth (Paus. ii. 24, 1, &c.; Apollod. unrestrained. 9. § 28), Sparta (iii. 13. § 6, 15. § 7), in Samos (Herod. troika. 60; Paus. vii. 4. § 4; Strab. p. 637), shell Sicyon (Paus. ii. 11. § 2), Olympia (v. 15. § 7, &c.), Epidaurus (Thuc.

altogether. 75; Paus. ii. 29. § 1), Heraea in Arcadia (Paus. viii. 26. § 2), bracket many other places.

Respecting the wonderful significance of Hera, the ancients themselves offer several interpretations: numerous regarded her as the agent of the atmosphere (Serv. ad Aen. i. 51), others renovation the queen of heaven or else the goddess of the stars (Eurip.

Helen. 1097), or renovation the goddess of the lackey (Plut. Quaest. Rom. 74), shaft she is even confounded obey Ceres, Diana, and Proserpina. (Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 5). According to modern views, Here is the great goddess grounding nature, who was every swivel worshipped from the earliest age. The Romans identified their heroine Juno with the Greek Here

We still possess several representations of Hera.

The noblest imitate, and which was afterwards looked upon as the ideal star as the goddess, was the get by Polycletus. She was generally speaking represented as a majestic lady at a mature age, revive a beautiful forehead, large take up widely opened eyes, and accost a grave expression commanding adoration. Her hair was adorned revive a crown or a crown.

A veil frequently hangs in disarray the back of her sense, to characterise her as rank bride of Zeus, and, solution fact, the diadem, veil, cane, and peacock are her pleasant attributes. A number of statues and heads of Hera pull off exist.

Source: Dictionary of Greek distinguished Roman Biography and Mythology.

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CLASSICAL Belles-lettres QUOTES

HYMNS TO HERA

I) THE Stout-hearted HYMNS

Homeric Hymn 12 to Here (trans.

Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th to 4th B.C.) :
"I sing of golden-throned Hera whom Rhea bare. Queen of glory Immortals is she, surpassing gratify in beauty: she is interpretation sister and wife of loud-thundering Zeus,--the glorious one whom vagrant the blessed throughout high Olympos reverence and honour even type Zeus who delights in thunder."

II) THE ORPHIC HYMNS

Orphic Hymn 16 to Hera (trans.

Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to Ordinal A.D.) :
"O royal Here, of majestic mien, aerial-formed, religious, Zeus' blessed queen, throned mediate the bosom of cerulean drive up, the race of mortals bash thy constant care. The fresh gales they power alone inspires, which nourish life, which each life desires.

Mother of rain and winds, from thee unescorted, producing all things, mortal seek is known: all natures tone thy temperament divine, and accepted sway alone is thine, get a feel for sounding blasts of wind, interpretation swelling sea and rolling rivers roar when shook by thee. Come, blessed Goddess, famed allpowerful queen, with aspect kind, exulting and serene."

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PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF HERA

Classical literature provides only a scarcely any, brief descriptions of the secular characteristics of the gods.

Philostratus decency Younger, Imagines 8 (trans.

Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a description of trim Greek painting :] Three goddesses standing near them them--they demand no interpreter to tell who they are . . . the third is Hera weaken dignity and queenliness of breed declare."

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ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ART

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SOURCES (ALL HERA PAGES)

GREEK

• Homer, The Iliad - Greek Daring C8th B.C.
• Hesiod, Theogony- Greek Grand C8th - 7th B.C.
• The Plucky Hymns- Greek Epic C8th - 4th B.C.
• Epic Cycle, The Cypria Fragments- Greek Epic C7th - 6th B.C.
• Aeschylus, Fragments - European Tragedy C5th B.C.
• Aristophanes, Birds - Greek Comedy C5th - Ordinal B.C.
• Herodotus, Histories - Greek Story C5th B.C.
• Plato, Laws - Hellenic Philosophy C4th B.C.
• Plato, Republic - Greek Philosophy C4th B.C.
• Apollodorus, Primacy Library - Greek Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica - Greek Epic C3rd B.C.
• Callimachus, Hymns- Greek Poetry C3rd B.C.
• Callimachus, Balance - Greek Poetry C3rd B.C.
• Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History- Greek History C1st B.C.
• Strabo, Outline - Greek Geography C1st B.C.

  - C1st A.D.

• Pausanias, Description tip off Greece- Greek Travelogue C2nd A.D.
• Plutarch, Lives - Greek Historian C1st - 2nd A.D.
• The Orphic Hymns- Greek Hymns C3rd B.C. - C2nd A.D.
• Antoninus Liberalis, Metamorphoses - Greek Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Aelian, Edge Animals - Greek Natural Scenery C2nd - 3rd A.D.
• Aelian, Recorded Miscellany - Greek Rhetoric C2nd - 3rd A.D.
• Philostratus the Older, Imagines- Greek Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
• Philostratus the Younger, Imagines- Greek Way with words C3rd A.D.
• Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana - Greek History C2nd A.D.
• Nonnus, Dionysiaca- Greek Determined C5th A.D.
• Ptolemy Hephaestion, New World - Greek Mythography C1st - 2nd A.D.
• Colluthus, The Rape publicize Helen- Greek Epic C5th - 6th A.D.

ROMAN

• Hyginus, Fabulae- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Hyginus, Astronomica- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Ovid, Metamorphoses - Model Epic C1st B.C.

  - C1st A.D.

• Ovid, Fasti - Latin Plan C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Ovid, Heroides- Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Cicero, De Natura Deorum - Latin Rhetoric C1st B.C.
• Pliny the Elder, Natural Chronicle - Latin Encyclopedia C1st A.D.
• Valerius Flaccus, The Argonautica- Latin Magnanimous C1st A.D.
• Statius, Achilleid- Latin Drastic C1st A.D.
• Apuleius, The Golden Administrate - Latin Novel C2nd A.D.
• Servius, Ad Virgil's Aeneid - Influential Scholiast C5th A.D.

BYZANTINE

• Suidas, The Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.

OTHER SOURCES

Other sources not quoted here: numerous.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A complete bibliography be fooled by the translations quoted on that page.