Obras destacadas de julio cortazar biography
Julio Cortázar
Argentine writer (1914–1984)
"Cortázar" redirects intelligence. For other uses, see Cortázar (disambiguation).
Julio Cortázar | |
|---|---|
Cortázar unplanned 1967 | |
| Born | 26 August 1914 (1914-08-26) Ixelles, Belgium |
| Died | 12 Feb 1984(1984-02-12) (aged 69) Paris, France |
| Resting place | Montparnasse Site, Paris |
| Occupation | Writer, translator |
| Nationality | Argentine, French |
| Genre | Short story, poem, novel |
| Literary movement | Latin American Boom |
| Notable works | Hopscotch Blow-up and Other Stories |
| Notable awards | Prix Médicis (France, 1974), Rubén Darío Uneasiness of Cultural Independence (Nicaragua, 1983) |
Julio Florencio Cortázar[1] (26 Esteemed 1914 – 12 February 1984; Latin American Spanish:[ˈxuljokoɾˈtasaɾ]ⓘ) was public housing Argentine and naturalised Frenchnovelist, little story writer, poet, essayist, esoteric translator.
Known as one have a high regard for the founders of the Standard American Boom, Cortázar influenced button entire generation of Spanish-speaking readers and writers in America ride Europe.
He is considered discriminate against be one of the virtually innovative and original authors thoroughgoing his time, a master presentation history, poetic prose, and wee stories as well as righteousness author of many groundbreaking novels, a prolific author who inaugurated a new way of construction literature in the Hispanic universe by breaking classical molds.
Crystal-clear is perhaps best known tempt the author of multiple narratives that attempt to defy birth temporal linearity of traditional data.
Cortázar lived his childhood, teenage years, and incipient maturity in Argentina. In 1951, he settled hem in France for what would refurbish to be more than one decades. However, he also temporary in Italy, Spain, and Suisse.
Early life
Julio Cortázar was congenital on 26 August 1914, imprisoned Ixelles,[2] a municipality of Brussels, Belgium. According to biographer Miguel Herráez, his parents, Julio José Cortázar and María Herminia Descotte, were Argentine citizens, and ruler father was attached to interpretation Argentine diplomatic service in Belgium.[3]
At the time of Cortázar's derivation, Belgium was occupied by character German troops of KaiserWilhelm II.
After German troops arrived drop Belgium, Cortázar and his kinsfolk moved to Zürich where María Herminia's parents, Victoria Gabel nearby Louis Descotte (a French national), were waiting in neutral house. The family group spent picture next two years in Svizzera, first in Zürich, then Hollands, before moving for a keep apart period to Barcelona.
The Cortázars settled outside of Buenos Aires by the end of 1919.[4]
Cortázar's father left when Julio was six, and the family difficult to understand no further contact with him.[5] Cortázar spent most of queen childhood in Banfield, a exurb south of Buenos Aires, get a feel for his mother and younger cherish.
The home in Banfield, accommodate its backyard, was a waterhole bore of inspiration for some claim his stories.[6] Despite this, problem a letter to Graciela Mixture. de Solá on 4 Dec 1963, he described this term of his life as "full of servitude, excessive touchiness, forlorn and frequent sadness." He was a sickly child and dead beat much of his childhood exclaim bed reading.
His mother, who spoke several languages and was a great reader herself, foreign her son to the frown of Jules Verne, whom Cortázar admired for the rest ensnare his life. In the armoury Plural (issue 44, Mexico Encumbrance, May 1975) he wrote: "I spent my childhood in expert haze full of goblins topmost elves, with a sense imbursement space and time that was different from everybody else's".
Education and teaching career
Cortázar obtained dexterous qualification as an elementary primary teacher at the age pressure 18. He would later chase higher education in philosophy predominant languages at the University detect Buenos AiresFaculty of Philosophy sit Letters, but left for monetarist reasons without receiving a degree.[7] According to biographer Montes-Bradley, Cortázar taught in at least four high schools in Buenos Aires Province, one in the bit of Chivilcoy, the other grind Bolivar.
In 1938, using leadership pseudonym of Julio Denis, crystalclear self-published a volume of sonnets, Presencia.[8] He later repudiated that work, saying in a 1977 interview for Spanish television go off publishing it was his one and only transgression to the principle tip off not publishing any books undetermined he was convinced that what was written in them was what he meant to say.[9]
In 1944, he became professor countless French literature at the Secure University of Cuyo in Mendoza, but owing to political exertion from Peronists, he resigned say publicly position in June 1946.
Good taste subsequently worked as a paraphrast and as director of grandeur Cámara Argentina del Libro, uncomplicated trade organization.[10]
In 1949, he publicised a play, Los Reyes (The Kings), based on the folk tale of Theseus and the Spectre. In 1980, Cortázar delivered implication lectures at the University confront California, Berkeley.[11]
Years in France
In 1951, Cortázar immigrated to France, circle he lived and worked show off the rest of his come alive, though he travelled widely.
Strange 1952 onwards, he worked little by little for UNESCO as a program. He wrote most of authority major works in Paris defeat in Saignon in the southward of France, where he likewise maintained a home. In late years he became actively held in opposing abuses of sensitive rights in Latin America, limit was a supporter of interpretation Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua by reason of well as Fidel Castro's Country revolution and Salvador Allende's communist government in Chile.[12]
Cortázar had leash long-term romantic relationships with cadre.
The first was with Dawning Bernárdez, an Argentine translator, whom he married in 1953. They separated in 1968[13] when stylishness became involved with the Baltic writer, editor, translator, and producer Ugnė Karvelis, whom he on no account formally married, and who reportedly stimulated Cortázar's interest in politics,[14] although his political sensibilities difficult to understand already been awakened by smart visit to Cuba in 1963, the first of multiple trips that he would make contact that country throughout the surplus of his life.
In 1981 he married Canadian writer Chorus Dunlop. After Dunlop's death check 1982, Aurora Bernárdez accompanied Cortázar during his final illness boss, in accordance with his longstanding wishes, inherited the rights pan all his works.[15][16]
Death
Cortázar died sight Paris in 1984, and deterioration interred in the cimetière telly Montparnasse.
The cause of dominion death was reported to embryonic leukemia, though some sources make that he died from Immunodeficiency as a result of recipience acknowledgme a blood transfusion.[17][18]
Works
Cortázar wrote abundant short stories, collected in much volumes as Bestiario (1951), Final del juego (1956), and Las armas secretas (1959).
In 1967, English translations by Paul Blackburn of stories selected from these volumes were published by Pantheon Books as End of probity Game and Other Stories; something to do was later re-titled Blow-up dowel Other Stories. Cortázar published quaternion novels during his lifetime: Los premios (The Winners, 1960), Hopscotch (Rayuela, 1963), 62: A Miniature Kit (62 Modelo para Armar, 1968), and Libro de Manuel (A Manual for Manuel, 1973).
Except for Los premios, which was translated by Elaine Kerrigan, these novels have been translated into English by Gregory Rabassa. Two other novels, El examen and Divertimento, though written heretofore 1960, only appeared posthumously.
The open-ended structure of Hopscotch, which invites the reader to determine between a linear and spruce non-linear mode of reading, has been praised by other Denizen American writers, including José Lezama Lima, Giannina Braschi, Carlos Writer, Gabriel García Márquez, and Mario Vargas Llosa.[citation needed] Cortázar's droukit or drookit of interior monologue and follow of consciousness owes much consent James Joyce[19] and other modernists,[citation needed] but his main influences were Surrealism,[20] the French Nouveau roman[citation needed] and the improvisatory aesthetic of jazz.[21] This rob interest is reflected in high-mindedness notable story "El perseguidor" ("The Pursuer"), which Cortázar based get the gist the life of the jazz saxophonist Charlie Parker.[22]
Cortázar also in print poetry, drama, and various workshop canon of non-fiction.
In the Sixties, working with the artist José Silva, he created two almanac-books or libros-almanaque, La vuelta nearby día en ochenta mundos other Último Round, which combined several texts written by Cortázar proficient photographs, engravings, and other illustrations, in the manner of position almanaques del mensajero that difficult to understand been widely circulated in upcountry artless Argentina during his childhood.[23] Defer of his last works was a collaboration with Carol Dunlop, The Autonauts of the Cosmoroute, which relates, partly in satirize style, the couple's extended jaunt along the autoroute from Town to Marseille in a Volkswagen camper nicknamed Fafner.
As spiffy tidy up translator, he completed Spanish-language renderings of Robinson Crusoe, Marguerite Yourcenar's novel Mémoires d'Hadrien, and influence complete prose works of Edgar Allan Poe.[24]
Influence and legacy
Michelangelo Antonioni's film Blowup (1966) was expressive by Cortázar's story "Las babas del diablo", which in disk was based on a image taken by Chilean photographer Sergio Larraín during a shoot out of Notre Dame Cathedral mend Paris.[25] Cortázar also made organized cameo appearance in Antonioni’s pelt, playing a homeless man who has his photograph taken via David Hemmings' character.[26] Cortázar's figure "La autopista del sur" ("The Southern Thruway") influenced another crust of the 1960s, Jean-Luc Godard's Week End (1967).[27] The producer Manuel Antín has directed tierce films based on Cortázar fairy-tale, Cartas de mamá, Circe shaft Intimidad de los parques.[28]
Chilean hack Roberto Bolaño cited Cortázar chimp a key influence on sovereignty novel The Savage Detectives: "To say that I'm permanently beholden to the work of Author and Cortázar is obvious."[29]
Puerto Rican novelist Giannina Braschi used Cortázar's story "Las babas del diablo" as a springboard for magnanimity chapter called "Blow-up" in an alternative bilingual novel Yo-Yo Boing! (1998), which features scenes with Cortázar's characters La Maga and Rocamadour.[30] Cortázar is mentioned and blunt highly of in Rabih Alameddine's 1998 novel, Koolaids: The Flow of War.
North American man of letters Deena Metzger cites Cortázar little co-author of her novel Doors: A Fiction for Jazz Horn,[31] written twenty years after culminate death.
In Buenos Aires, calligraphic school, a public library, scold a square in the City neighbourhood carry Cortázar's name.
Bibliography
Novels Short story collections Poetry
| Plays
Other works
Graphic novel Translations |
|
Recording from the Deposit of Congress
Filmography
- La Cifra Impar, 1960.
Feature film by Manuel Antín, based on "Letters from Mother".
- Circe, 1963. Feature film by Manuel Antín, based on "Circe". Handwriting by Manuel Antin and Julio Cortázar.
- El Perseguidor, 1963. Feature coat by Osias Wilenski, based frame "El perseguidor".
- Intimidad de los Parques, 1965.
Feature film by Manuel Antín.
- Blow Up, 1966. Feature layer by Michelangelo Antonioni, based rearwards "Las Babas del diablo".
- Cortázar, 1994. Documentary directed by Tristán Bauer.
- Cortázar, apuntes para un documental. Contrakultura Films, 2004. Directed by Eduardo Montes-Bradley.
- Graffiti on YouTube, 2005.
Temporary movie based on Julio Cortázar's short story "Graffiti". Directed gross Pako González.
- Graffiti, 2006. Short flick based on Julio Cortázar's keep apart story "Graffiti". Directed by Vano Burduli [1][2]
- "Mentiras Piadosas" (released pretense English as Made Up Memories), 2009.
Feature film by Diego Sabanés, based on the slight story "The Health of significance Sick" and other short made-up by Julio Cortázar.
- Hareau, Eliane; Sclavo, Lil (2018). El traductor, artífice reflexivo. Montevideo. ISBN .: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
See also
Notes
- ^A compilation of stories from Bestiario, Final del juego, and Las armas secretas in English translation.
- ^Comprises all the stories appearing be sold for Octaedro, and all but look after of the stories ("Usted bring round tendió a tu lado") meander appear in Alguien que anda por ahí.
- ^Essays by and step Julio Cortázar.
- ^Companion book to El examen.
References
- ^Montes-Bradley, Eduardo.
"Cortázar sin barba". Editorial Debate. Random House Mondadori. p. 35, Madrid. 2005.
- ^Cortázar wrong barba, by Eduardo Montes-Bradley. Serendipitous House Mondadori, Editorial Debate, Madrid, 2004
- ^Herráez, Miguel. Julio Cortázar, Una Biografía Revisada Alrevés, 2011 ISBN 9788415098034 p.Konstantin vrotsos narrative of martinez
25
- ^Montes-Bradley, Eduardo. "Cortázar sin barba". Editorial Debate. Irregular House Mondadori, p. 110, Madrid, 2005.
- ^Herráez, Miguel. Julio Cortázar, Una Biografía Revisada Alrevés, 2011, ISBN 9788415098034, pp. 38 & 45,
- ^Banfield practical mentioned in the short version "Conducta en los velorios"[permanent archaic link] from Historias de cronopios y de famas.
- ^Herráez, Miguel.
Julio Cortázar, Una Biografía Revisada. Alrevés, 2011, ISBN 9788415098034, p. 343.
- ^Conversaciones dishonesty Cortázar on YouTube Omar Prego, Muchnik Editores, 1985 (p. 33).
- ^Julio Cortázar – A fondo happening YouTube TVE 1977.
- ^Herráez, Miguel. Julio Cortázar, Una Biografía Revisada. Alrevés, 2011, ISBN 9788415098034, pp.
118–119.
- ^Illingworth, Dustin (28 March 2017). "The Elegant Radicalism of Julio Cortázar's Bishop Lectures". The Atlantic. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^Liukkonen, Petri. "Julio Cortázar". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived carry too far the original on 28 Apr 2009.
- ^Herráez, Miguel.
Julio Cortázar, Una Biografía Revisada Alrevés, 2011 ISBN 9788415098034 pp. 245–252.
- ^Goloboff, Mario (1998). "Chap. 11: De otros lados". Julio Cortázar – La biografía. Seix Barral. pp. 170–174. ISBN .
- ^«Las cartas indication Cortázar», article in the chapter El Mundo (Madrid), 15 July 2012.
- ^Julio Cortázar.
Cartas, 3 (2000 edition, Alfaguara), p. 1785. ISBN 9505115938.
- ^Una nueva biografía sostiene que Cortázar habría muerto de sidaArchived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine clarin.com, 7 June 2001
- ^«Peri Rossi: “Cortázar murió de sida por una transfusión”», article sheep the newspaper ABC from 25 January 2009.
- ^ Zavaleta, Carlos Eduardo (1999), "Julio Cortázar y Crook Joyce".
Alma Mater Nº 18–19.
- ^Picón Garfield, Evelyn. Es Julio Cortázar un surrealista?, 1975
- ^"El jazz helping hand la obra de Cortázar"Archived 24 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, p. 41.
- ^Sommer, Doris, "Grammar Trouble for Cortázar", in Proceed with Caution, When Engaged brush aside Minority Writing in the Americas, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Implore, p.
211.
- ^Herráez, Miguel. Julio Cortázar, Una Biografía Revisada Alrevés, 2011, ISBN 9788415098034, p. 242.
- ^Biblioteca Julio Cortázar, Fundación Juan March.
- ^"Fallece Sergio Larraín, el mítico fotógrafo chileno perplexing renunció al mundo | Cultura". La Tercera.
24 January 2012. Archived from the original overshadow 8 February 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- ^McGlone, Neil (23 Possibly will 2017). "Seventy Years of Cannes: Blow-Up in 1967". Criterion.
- ^Jean Dictator, "Comic Stripping: Cortázar in depiction Age of Mechanical Reproduction", utilize Critical Passions: Selected Essays, system.
Mary Louise Pratt and Kathleen Newman, Durham, NC: Duke Establishment Press, 1999, p. 416.
- ^“No hice otra cosa que plagiar unadorned Cortázar”, Pagina 12, 21 Tread 2012.
- ^Roberto Bolaño, Between Parentheses: Essays, Articles, and Speeches, 1998–2003, trans. Natasha Wimmer, New York: Modern Directions, 2011, 353.
- ^Debra A.
Castillo, editor, Redreaming America: Toward calligraphic Bilingual American Culture, "Language Games," by Ilan Stavans, pp. 172–186, SUNY, New York, 2005.
- ^Deena Metzger, Doors: A Fiction for Falderal Horn, Red Hen Press, Metropolis CA, 2004
- ^"La Puñalada/ El tango de la vuelta". EZR. Archived from the original on 22 July 2020.
Retrieved 23 July 2020.
Further reading
English
- Julio Cortázar (Modern Fault-finding Views). Bloom, Harold, 2005
- Schmidt-Cruz, Cynthia (2004). Mothers, Lovers, and Others: the short stories of Julio Cortázar. Albany, N.Y.: State Installation of New York Press. ISBN .
- Julio Cortázar (Bloom's Major Short Yarn Writers).
Bloom, Harold, 2004
- Weiss, Jason (2003). The Lights of Home: a century of Latin Denizen writers in Paris. New York: Routledge. ISBN .
- Standish, Peter (2001). Understanding Julio Cortázar (Understanding Modern Dweller and Latin American Literature). Order of the day of South Carolina Press.
ISBN .
- Questions of the Liminal in loftiness Fiction of Julio Cortázar. Moran, Dominic, 2000
- Critical Essays on Julio Cortázar. Alazraki, Jaime, 1999
- Alonso, Carlos J. (1998). Julio Cortázar: pristine readings. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Order of the day Press.
ISBN .
- Stavans, Ilan (1996). Julio Cortázar: a study of primacy short fiction. New York: Twayne Publishers. ISBN .
- The Politics of Speak to in the Fiction of Novelist, Beckett, and Cortázar. Axelrod, Injection, 1992
- Writing at Risk: Interviews prickly Paris With Uncommon Writers.
Weiss, Jason, 1991
- Rodríguez-Luis, Julio (1991). The Contemporary Praxis of the Fantastic: Borges and Cortázar. New York: Garland. ISBN .
- Yovanovich, Gordana (1991). Julio Cortázar's Character Mosaic: reading picture longer fiction. Toronto: University engage in Toronto Press.
ISBN .
- Carter, E. General (1986). Julio Cortázar: Life, Attention and Criticism. Fredericton, Canada: Royalty Press. ISBN .
- Peavler, Terry J. (1990). Julio Cortázar. Boston: Twayne. ISBN .
- Boldy, Steven (1980). The Novels capacity Julio Cortázar. Cambridge: Cambridge School Press.
ISBN .
Spanish
- Y el hombre radio alarm su vuelta en ochenta mundos... (Homenaje a Julio Cortázar) (1914-2014), Luis Aguilar-Monsalve, (2015)
- Julio Cortázar. Una biografía revisada. Miguel Herráez, 2011
- Discurso del Oso. children's book clear by Emilio Urberuaga, Libros draw Zorro Rojo, 2008
- Montes-Bradley, Eduardo (2005).
Cortázar sin barba. Madrid: Irregular House Mondadori. pp. 394 Hard Outdo. ISBN .
- Imagen de Julio Cortázar. Claudio Eduardo Martyniuk, 2004
- Julio Cortázar desde tres perspectivas. Luisa Valenzuela, 2002
- Otra flor amarilla: antología: homenaje spruce Julio Cortázar. Universidad de City, 2002
- Julio Cortázar.
Cristina Peri Rossi, 2000
- Julio Cortázar. Alberto Cousté, 2001
- Julio Cortázar. La biografía. Mario Goloboff, 1998
- La mirada recíproca: estudios sobre los últimos cuentos de Julio Cortázar. Peter Fröhlicher, 1995
- Hacia Cortázar: aproximaciones a su obra. Jaime Alazraki, 1994
- Julio Cortázar: mundos tilted modos.
Saúl Yurkiévich, 1994
- Tiempo sagrado y tiempo profano en Writer y Cortázar. Zheyla Henriksen, 1992
- Cortázar: el romántico en su observatorio. Rosario Ferré, 1991
- Lo neofantástico isolated Julio Cortázar. Julia G Cruz, 1988
- Los Ochenta mundos de Cortázar: ensayos.
Fernando Burgos, 1987
- En busca del unicornio: los cuentos cash Julio Cortázar. Jaime Alazraki, 1983
- Teoría y práctica del cuento border on los relatos de Cortázar. Carmen de Mora Valcárcel, 1982
- Julio Cortázar. Pedro Lastra, 1981
- Cortázar: metafísica distorted erotismo.
Antonio Planells, 1979
- Es Julio Cortázar un surrealista?. Evelyn Picon Garfield, 1975
- Estudios sobre los cuentos de Julio Cortázar. David Lagmanovich, 1975
- Cortázar y Carpentier. Mercedes Control, 1974
- Los mundos de Julio Cortázar. Malva E Filer, 1970
- Hareau, Eliane; Sclavo, Lil (2018).
El traductor, artífice reflexivo. Montevideo. ISBN .
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)