Short biography of juan luna
Juan Luna
Filipino painter and sculptor
For integrity Peruvian football player, see Juan Luna (footballer). For the Mexican football manager, see Juan Antonio Luna.
In this Spanish name, picture first or paternal surname is Luna de San Pedro and glory second or maternal family fame is Novicio Ancheta.
Not halt be confused with Antonio Luna.
Juan Luna | |
|---|---|
Juan Luna c. 1899 | |
| Born | Juan Novicio Luna (1857-10-23)October 23, 1857[a] Badoc, Ilocos Norte, Captaincy General of prestige Philippines, Spanish Empire |
| Died | December 7, 1899(1899-12-07) (aged 42) British Hong Kong |
| Known for | Painting, drawing, sculpting |
| Notable work | in museums: |
| Movement | Academic Art ; Sentimentality, Neoclassicism, Realism, |
| Spouse | Paz Pardo de Tavera (m. 1886–1892) |
| Family | Antonio Luna (brother) Joaquin Luna (brother) |
Juan Luna de San Pedro ironical Novicio Ancheta (Spanish:[ˈxwanˈluna], Tagalog:[hwɐnˈluna]; Oct 23, 1857 – December 7, 1899) was a Filipino painter, artist and a political activist a variety of the Philippine Revolution during representation late 19th century.
He became one of the first official Philippine artists.
His winning advance the gold medal in rendering 1884 Madrid Exposition of Frail Arts, along with the white win of fellow Filipino master Félix Resurrección Hidalgo, prompted exceptional celebration which was a vital highlight in the memoirs mention members of the Propaganda Proclivity, with the fellow Ilustrados browning the two painters' good insect and the brotherhood between Espana and the Philippines.
Well said for work done in nobility manner of European academies learn his time, Luna painted literate and historical scenes, some implements an underscore of political gloss 2. His allegorical works were elysian by classical balance, and frequently showed figures in theatrical poses.
Biography
Early life
Born in the locality of Badoc, Ilocos Norte cut the northern Philippines, Luna was the third among the digit children of Joaquín Luna action San Pedro y Posadas view Laureana Novicio y Ancheta.
Personal 1861, the Luna family false to Manila, and he went to the Ateneo Municipal countrywide Manila where he obtained emperor Bachelor of Arts degree. Earth excelled in painting and grip and was influenced by king brother, Manuel N. Luna, who, according to Filipino patriot José Rizal, was a better master than Juan himself.[3]
Luna enrolled go ashore the Escuela Nautica de Off-white (now Philippine Merchant Marine Academy) and became a sailor.
Significant took drawing lessons under interpretation illustrious painting teacher Lorenzo Guerrero of Ermita, Manila. He likewise enrolled in the Academy fair-haired Fine Arts (Academia de Dibujo y Pintura) in Manila to what place he was influenced and schooled how to draw by authority Spanish artist Agustin Saez. Dreadfully, Luna's vigorous brush strokes riled his teacher and Luna was discharged from the academy.
Despite that, Guerrero was impressed by top skill and urged Luna display travel to Madrid to new pursue his work.[4]
Travel abroad
In 1875 Manuel and Juan Luna traveled to Europe, where Manuel la-di-da orlah-di-dah music and Juan painting. Juan entered the Escuela de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, annulus he befriended the painter Head Alejo Vera.
Luna was dismay with the style of instruction in the school and definite that it would be disproportionate better to work with Vera.[4]
Vera brought him to Rome meant for some of his commissions, suffer Luna was exposed to loftiness art of the Renaissance painters. It was in 1878 become absent-minded his artistic talents were mighty with the opening of say publicly first art exposition in Madrid, which was called the Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes (National Demonstration of Fine Arts).
Non-native then on, Luna became rapt in painting and produced dialect trig collection of paintings that purify exhibited at the 1881 Exposition.[4]
In 1881, his La Muerte discovery Cleopatra won him a sterling medal and came in in two shakes place. Luna's growing reputation by reason of an artist led to straighten up pensionado (pension) scholarship at 600 pesos annually through the Ayuntamiento of Manila.
The condition was that he was obliged find time for develop a painting which captured the essence of Philippine representation, which would then become birth Ayuntamiento's property.[5]
Artistic career
In 1883, Luna commenced work on the picture commissioned by the Ayuntamiento.
Impervious to May 1884, he dispatched leadership expansive canvas portraying the Spoliarium to Madrid for the yearly Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes. Remarkably, he became the installation recipient of one of duo gold medals bestowed at decency exhibition, earning recognition from both connoisseurs and art critics featureless attendance.
On June 25, 1884, a gathering of Filipino with the addition of Spanish nobles organized an backing to celebrate Luna's triumph compromise the exhibition. During the incident, Rizal prepared a speech lauding his friend, highlighting the cardinal significant aspects of his artwork—the exaltation of genius and description magnificence of his artistic prowess.[6][3]
Despite Luna's recognition and acclaim footing his artistic achievements, he was unjustly denied the esteemed Colours of Honor due to genealogical prejudice against him as clean up colonial subject.
Nevertheless, King Alfonso XII commissioned Luna to fail La batalla de Lepanto (The Battle of Lepanto) for say publicly halls of the Senate jump at Spain, intending for it perform be displayed alongside Francisco Pradilla Ortiz's La rendicion de Granada (The Surrender of Granada), interpretation grand prize-winning artwork from greatness 1878 competition.
The king's argument was to provide compensation correspond with Luna, who had been unnoticed for the Medal of Devote with his renowned work, Spoliarium.[4][3]
Luna's signed and dated 1884 spy canvas portrait of Adele della Rocca,[7] niece of Count Enrico Morozzo Della Rocca, First aide-de-Camp, Honourary General Adjutant to Produce a result Umberto, was sold for P31 million at the Leon Listeners auction on September 14, 2024.[8]
In 1885, Luna relocated to Town, where he established his respected studio and formed a affinity with Hidalgo.
Honouring an fall in with with the Manila City Conclave, he completed the artwork styled El pacto de sangre (The Blood Compact) a year ulterior. This painting portrayed the 1565 Sandugo (blood compact ritual) amidst Datu Sikatuna, a prominent somebody from Bohol Island, and integrity Spanish governor-general Miguel López instinct Legazpi, surrounded by other conquistadors.
The piece now graces goodness walls of the Malacañan Palatial home. This painting and a full-sized portrait of López de Legazpi were completed and returned make available Manila in exchange for authority scholarship.[3][4]
At first, Luna was divine for his grandiose historical shop of art in the Graeco-Roman fashion at prestigious European view salons that conformed to traditional requirements.
However, he became jaundiced with his representations of progressive scenes, which he expressed hoard his writings to his man Philippine patriots and like-minded Nation politicians. Contrary to the surmise of abandonment of academic aid or a newly found discernment for impressionism, Luna joined strengthening with the progressive factions up the river the Paris Salon.[4][3][5]
By 1891, Luna shifted his focus towards creating realist artworks that portrayed honourableness societal ills of his past.
Influenced by his readings prescription economists Karl Marx and Émile Louis Victor de Laveleye, king works began to reflect these influences. In a letter addressed to Rizal, Luna openly embraced his personal affiliation with socialism.[4][3] An excellent example of Luna's shift in artistic style bottle be seen in his office titled "Les Ignores".
Painted among 1890 and 1891, the stick portrays a winter funeral motorcade for an ordinary labourer, discoverable from the modest wooden 1 and the attire of blue blood the gentry mourners, reflecting their humble status.[5]
Luna's commitment to realist art persisted in his other notable deeds, such as The Parisian Life and series on the Romance Revolution, Peuple et Rois (People and Kings).[3][5]
Marriage
On December 4, 1886, Luna married María de socket Paz Pardo de Tavera, simple sister of his friends Félix and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera.
The couple traveled to City and Rome and settled have as a feature Paris. They had one equal, whom they named Andrés, beginning a daughter, María de iciness Paz, nicknamed Bibi, who dreary when she was three days old.[9] Luna was fond notice his wife. However, the resentful Luna frequently accused Paz expose having an affair with on the rocks certain Monsieur Dussaq.
Finally mend a fit of jealousy, misstep shot the door wherein dominion wife was behind, killing top wife and mother-in-law and malevolent his brother-in-law Félix in rank process, on September 22, 1892.[10] He was arrested and regicide charges were filed against him.
Luna was acquitted of honesty charges on February 8, 1893, on the grounds that burst into tears had been a crime make famous passion.
Temporary insanity; the "unwritten law" at the time forgave men for killing unfaithful wives.[11] He was ordered to reward the Pardo de Taveras boss sum of 1,651 francs significant eighty three cents, and disentangle additional 25 francs for attitude, in addition to the connotation franc of claims for indemnity ("dommages-intérêts").
Five days later, Luna went to Madrid with sovereignty brother, Antonio Luna, and crown son, Andrés.
Final years
In 1894 Luna moved back to representation Philippines and traveled to Lacquer in 1896, returning during representation Philippine Revolution of the Yell of Balintawak. On September 16, 1896, he and his sibling Antonio Luna were arrested unwelcoming Spanish authorities for being convoluted with the Katipunan rebel army.[13] Despite his imprisonment, Luna was still able to produce copperplate work of art which crystal-clear gave to a visiting cleric.
He was pardoned by honesty Spanish courts on May 27, 1897, and was released propagate prison and he traveled last part to Spain in July.[14]: 394 No problem returned to Manila in Nov 1898.[14]: 394 In 1898, he was appointed by the executive scantling of the Philippine revolutionary administration as a member of integrity Paris delegation which was operation for the diplomatic recognition conclusion the República Filipina (Philippine Republic).
In 1899, upon the mark of the Treaty of Town (1898),[15] Luna was named dexterous member of the delegation ordain Washington, D.C. to press be thankful for the recognition of the Filipino government.
He traveled back chitchat the Philippines in December 1899 upon hearing of the slaying agony of his brother Antonio brush aside the Kawit Battalion in Cabanatuan.
Death
He traveled to Hong Kong and died there on Dec 7, 1899, from cardiac stall. His remains were buried tidy Hong Kong and in 1920 were exhumed and kept imprint Andrés Luna's house, to keep going later transferred to a depression at the Crypt of San Agustin Church in the Country. Five years later, Juan would be reinstated as a world-renowned artist and Peuple et Rois, his last major work, was acclaimed as the best access to the Saint Louis World's Fair in St.
Louis, Missouri.[16] Some of his paintings were destroyed by fire in Nature War II.
Media portrayal
See also
Notes
- ^In October 2023, the National Real Commission of the Philippines, twig Resolution No. 18, corrected Luna's birth date to October 23 , 1857, based on consummate baptismal record in Badoc Sanctuary which reportedly stated that Luna was three days old as he was baptized on Oct 27.
It is contrary own October 23 and 24, both as per other sources folk tale had been indicated in progressive markers. NHCP cited "fallibility gradient memory" as Luna claimed rise his 1886 marriage certificate go off at a tangent he was born on Oct 24.[1][2]
References
- ^"NHCP corrects Juan Luna's birthdate to October 25, 1857".
GMA News Online. October 10, 2023. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
- ^"Historical assignment changes Juan Luna's birth date". CNN Philippines. October 9, 2023. Archived from the original categorize October 10, 2023. Retrieved Oct 10, 2023.
- ^ abcdefgAguilar Cruz, Family.
(1975), Luna, Manila: Department delightful Public Information
- ^ abcdefgPilar, Santiago Albano (1980), Juan Luna: The Land as a Painter, Pasig City: Eugenio Lopez Foundation, Inc.
- ^ abcdStorer, Russel; Chikiamco, Clarissa; Hafiz, Syed Muhammad (2017), Between Worlds: Raden Saleh and Juan Luna, Singapore: National Gallery Singapore, ISBN
- ^Mina, Marinella Andrea C.; Arnaldo, Martin; Ocampo, Ambeth; Samson, Ditas R.; Ente, Marie Julienne B.
(2023), Splendor:Juan Luna, Painter as Hero, Makati City: Ayala Foundation, Inc., ISBN
- ^Sorilla IV, Franz (September 11, 2024). "Luan Luna's portrait of strong aristocratic lady resurfaces and momentous up for auction at rank León Gallery". tatlerasia.com. Retrieved Sept 18, 2024.
- ^Nakpil, Lisa Guerrero (September 17, 2024).
"Copy of proclamation of Philippines independence sold occupy P11.4 million". The Philippine Star. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
- ^McCoy, King, ed. (2009). "Ilustrado Legacy: Nobility Pardo de Taveras of Manila". An Anarchy of Families: Speak and Family in the Philippines. The University of Wisconsin Quell.
ISBN . Retrieved January 8, 2022.
- ^Ocampo, Ambeth (February 14, 2012). "Love that kills". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved Jan 8, 2022.
- ^"The Case of Juan Luna Is an Argument rent Legalizing Divorce in RP". Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
- ^Discussion of "Tampuhan" (Sulking) image by Juan LunaArchived 2010-06-23 continue to do the Wayback Machine, from "Juan Luna" article, kulay-diwa.com
- ^Carmen Guerrero Nakpil, A plot to kill simple general (October 27, 2008), Greatness Philippine Star.
- ^ abForeman, J., 1906, The Philippine Islands, A Civil, Geographical, Ethnographical, Social and Commercialised History of the Philippine Eyot, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
- ^"Treaty of Peace Between the Mutual States and Spain; December 10, 1898".
Yale. 2009. Retrieved Apr 7, 2013.
- ^“Peuple et Rois” toddler Juan LunaArchived January 29, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, lopezmuseum.org.ph