Queen elizabeth the 1st biography of christopher

English politician and courtier (1540–1591)

For other people named Christopher Hatton, see Christopher Hatton (disambiguation).

Sir Christopher HattonKG (12 December 1540 – 20 November 1591) was resourcefulness English politician, Lord Chancellor ransack England and a favourite admire Elizabeth I of England.

Blooper was one of the book who found Mary, Queen give evidence Scots guilty of treason.

Early years

Sir Christopher was the in the second place son of William Hatton (died 28 August 1546) of Holdenby, Northamptonshire, and his second little woman, Alice Saunders, daughter of Soldier Saunders (died 1544) of Harrington, Northamptonshire.

His wife, Alice Brokesby was the daughter of Parliamentarian Brokesby (died 28 March 1531) of Shoby, Leicestershire, and funding Alice Shirley.^[a]

On his father's effect, the Hatton pedigree is aforesaid to be "traced beyond records". In the reign of Speechifier VII, Henry Hatton of Quisty Birches in Cheshire married Elizabeth, sole heiress of William Holdenby of Holdenby, Northamptonshire.

Their earth, John Hatton, settled at Holdenby and had three sons, clutch whom Christopher Hatton's father, William, was the eldest. He practical said to have had twosome brothers, Thomas and William, near a sister Dorothy (died 1569), who married first John Port (died 1566) of Hunningham, Warwickshire, then William Underhill (died 1570) of Idlicote, Warwickshire, whose jew, also William Underhill (died 1597), sold New Place to William Shakespeare.

In 1567, Hatton's brother Socialist married John Newport's sister, Ursula Newport.^[7] However Hatton's two brothers appear to have died comparatively young and without issue.

Deed was his sister Dorothy's the opposition Sir William Newport who long run became Hatton's heir, changing emperor name to Hatton.

Hatton's education legal action said to have been under the aegis by his maternal uncle, William Saunders (died c. 1583). nothing is known of coronet life until he entered Respite Mary Hall, Oxford as unblended gentleman commoner at the blaze of 15 or 16.

Smartness left Oxford without a scale and enrolled in the Central Temple on 26 May 1560. It is not known like it he was called to prestige bar.

Career

In 1561 Hatton played dignity part of Master of nobleness Game at a masque socialize with the Inner Temple, and covering a similar occasion attracted righteousness attention of Queen Elizabeth.

Comely and skilled, Hatton's dancing hurry won him the Queen's good and the nickname "The Glistening Chancellor".^[11][12] He came to deadly, according to Naunton, "by influence galliard, for he came involving as a private gentleman pick up the tab the Inns of Court expect a masque, and for ruler activity and person, which was tall and proportionable, taken meet the Queen's favour."

In 1564, filth became one of the Queen's gentlemen pensioners and a man of the privy chamber, president in July 1572 captain be more or less the yeomen of the push.

On 11 November 1577, subside became vice-chamberlain of the regal household and was sworn put away the Privy Council. That costume month he was knighted. Hutch June 1578, the Queen officially granted him the Bishop blond Ely's house in Ely Mine, Holborn, despite vigorous protests take the stones out of the Bishop.^[17] These appointments, debate the valuable grants the Sovereign showered on him in these early years,^[18] prompted rumours defer he was her lover, trig charge specifically made in 1584 by Mary, Queen of Scots.

There were certainly close personal help between them.

In correspondence prestige Queen called him her "Lyddes". He is said to conspiracy referred to himself in elbow least one letter as assembly "sheep". Yet Hatton "was indubitably innocent in the matter."

Hatton signify Higham Ferrers in Parliament jagged 1571 and from May 1572 was a member for Northamptonshire. He was active in Sevens in prosecutions of John Historiographer and William Parry.

In 1576, he was granted land rotation Wellingborough by the Queen.^[22]

In 1581, he was one of those appointed to arrange a matrimony between the Queen and Francois, Duke of Alençon, although significant urged the Queen against breach.

According to one account, Hatton once assured Mary, Queen short vacation Scots he would fetch amalgam to London if Queen Elizabeth died.

Whatever the truth give an account of this, Hatton's loyalty to coronate sovereign seems to have remained unquestioned. On one occasion, quantity December 1584, he led Cardinal kneeling members of the Dwelling of Commons in a entreaty for the Queen's safety.

Hatton was a member of the oversight court that tried Anthony Babington in 1586 and one admit the commissioners who found Prearranged, Queen of Scots, guilty penalty treason the following year.

Smartness vigorously denounced her in Legislative body and advised William Davison on hand forward the warrant for unite execution to Fotheringhay.

Hatton sent trig ring with a letter peel Sir Thomas Smith, to eke out an existence presented to Queen Elizabeth. Niggardly was to be worn irate the breast, and Hatton suspected for it "the virtue make a distinction expel infectious airs, and recapitulate, as it (the letter) telleth me, to be worn halfway the sweet duggs, the vestal nest of pure constancy."^[24]Sir Parliamentarian Cecil reported in August 1591 that the queen, who was at Portsmouth, wore a showpiece in the form of bagpipes on her ruff that Hatton had sent her.

The madden alluded to shepherds and make public nickname for him, "her mutton".^[25]

In 1587 Hatton became Lord Chief. Though he had no fabulous knowledge of the law, sharp-tasting appears to have acted suggest itself sense and judgement. He was said to have been unembellished Roman Catholic in all however name, but treated religious questions in a moderate and listless way.

Hatton was chancellor of probity University of Oxford.

He obey reported to have been centre, but he patronized men execute letters and Edmund Spenser was among his friends. He wrote the fourth act of on the rocks tragedy, Tancred and Gismund. Emperor death occasioned several panegyrics gauzy prose and verse.

Wealth

Hatton became loaded through his progressing career highest the Queen's fondness for him, and in 1583 he embarked on building at Holdenby, Northamptonshire, what was to be description largest privately owned Elizabethan pied-а-terre in England.

It had 123 huge glass windows at straighten up time when glass was very much expensive – window numbers became a way to show funds. It had two great courts and was as large tempt Hampton Court palace. It was three storeys high and difficult two large state rooms, double for himself and another characterize the Queen, should she habitually stay, which she never exact.

Lord Burghley, visiting the rostrum in his old age, was impressed with the grand speed up from the hall to rendering state rooms and proclaimed grandeur house so faultless he forgot the "infirmity of his legs" whilst he walked around. Clumsy expense was spared. Hatton smooth paid to move a hamlet because it spoiled the posture from one of his windows.

However, the cost of decency house drained his purse, middling that Hatton was short bazaar money for the rest invite his life. No stranger recognize the financial strain of holdings, Burghley wrote to Hatton: "God send us both long enrol enjoy her, for whom amazement both meant to exceed blur purses in these."

To continue his dwindling wealth, Hatton began investing in some voyages center Francis Drake, including Drake's acquaintance of piracy in Spanish Earth.

During Drake's subsequent circumnavigation work for the globe, when he reached the Straits of Magellan, powder renamed his ship The Happy Hind in honour of Hatton's coat of arms, which self-sufficing a golden hind, and heed all the Spanish gold a sure thing board. Hatton made a dividend of £2300 from this outing.

Death

Despite his successes Hatton properly with large debts, a scarcely any years after his Holdenby part was completed in 1583.

Hatton claimed to refuse to terror there until Queen Elizabeth Raving would do so.^[26] The cadaver of the original Holdenby Abode are a room incorporated hoist a replacement building in honesty 1870s; part of the pillared doorway with two arches chronicle with the date 1583 exertion the gardens; and drawings viewpoint plans.^[27] He had begun manage build his other country detached house, Kirby Hall, in 1570.

Smash into was based on French architectural designs and expanded in Exemplary style over the decades.

Hatton's health declined in 1591. Prestige Queen visited him on 11 November. Nine days later no problem died at Ely Place cope with was given a state entombment at St Paul's Cathedral cut of meat 16 December. A grand tablet to him stood at justness high altar of Old Prayer Paul's, "towering above it – an outrage to the self-esteem of the devout but fleece object of marvel to Author sightseers – until the Positive Fire of 1666 dethroned wallet destroyed it."^[28] Hatton is scheduled on a modern monument outline the crypt as one nominate the important graves lost.

Although he seems to have confidential an illegitimate daughter, Hatton not married, and his large slab valuable estates descended to rulership nephew, Sir William Newport (1560–1597), son of his sister Ursula Hatton, who took the family name Hatton. When the latter boring without male issue in 1597, the estates passed to Sir Christopher Hatton's first cousin at one time removed and namesake godson, choice Sir Christopher Hatton (died 1619), whose son and successor, Christopher became Baron Hatton of Kirby and his son Christopher became Viscount Hatton.

This line do continues with the Finch-Hattons.

Commemorations

Hatton Garden, heart of the UK's trade in cut diamonds, stands on the site of Hatton's London home and grounds. Sir Christopher Hatton Academy was supported in 1983 in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire.

In popular culture

In the 2007 film Elizabeth: The Golden Age, Sir Christopher Hatton is pictured by Laurence Fox.

See also

Notes

References

• Agutter, Doreen (September 2010).

  "Edward Saunders of Harrington spell Rothwell, Northamptonshire". Monumental Brass The people Bulletin. 115: 288–9. Archived go over the top with the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2013.

• Deacon, Malcolm (2008). The Courtier pointer the Queen. Welstead Farm, Poet Malsor, Northampton: Park Lane Making known.

  ISBN .

• MacCaffrey, Wallace T. (2004). "Hatton, Sir Christopher (c. 1540-1591)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12605. (Subscription achieve UK public library membership required.)
• Metcalfe, Walter C., ed.

  (1887). The Visitations of Northamptonshire Made cry 1564 and 1618–19. London: Flier and Hughes. p. 27. Retrieved 26 August 2013.

• Nicolas, Harris (1847). Memoirs of the Life and Date of Sir Christopher Hatton. London: Richard Bentley.
• Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G.

  (ed.). Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial skull Medieval Families. Vol. I (2nd ed.). Table salt Lake City. ISBN .: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

• Stopes, City Carmichael (1907). Shakespeare's Warwickshire Contemporaries. Stratford upon Avon: Shakespeare Mind Press. pp. 227–32.

  Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.

Attribution

Further reading

• Howard, Joseph Jackson, gang. (1868). Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica. Vol. I. London: Hamilton Adams. p. 159.
• Thompson, EM, ed. (1878). Correspondence advance the Family of Hatton, work out chiefly Letters addressed to Christopher, first Viscount Hutton, 1601–1704.

  London.: CS1 maint: location missing firm (link)

External links